chapter8

=**Sensations and Perceptions**=

humans to understand reality. Sensations occur anytime a stimulus activates a receptor.||The sense organs: The eyes, ears, tungue, nose, skin, and others, are the receptors of sensatons.||The way we interpret sensations and organize them into meaningful experiances is called perception.||
 * Sensation**||**The senses**||**Perception**||
 * Sensations allow

=**Vocabulary**=

||Occurs anytime a stimulus activates one of your receptors|| ||The organizations of sensory information into meaningful experiances|| ||The study of certain questions to understand how stimuli from the world affect the sensory experiances produced by them.|| ||The weakest amount of a stimulus required to produce a sensation|| ||minimum amount of difference a person can detect between two stimuli|| ||The idea the the larger or stronger the stimulus, the larger the change required for a person to notice that anything has happened to it.|| ||Studies the relations between motivation, senstitivity, and decision making in detecting the presence or absence of a stimulus.|| ||Light enters the eye through the pupil|| ||A flexible structure that focuses light on the retina|| rods and cones, responsible for changing light energy into neuronal impulses.|| retina to the brain|| on the retinas|| Cochela of the inner ear to the breain, resulting in the sensation of sound.|| odors from the nose to the brain.|| by the brain.|| presented below the absolute threshold.|| that occurs when you move your head from side to side when you walk around.|| in the same way regardless of changing angle, distance, or lighting.|| the world through channels other than the normal senses.||
 * Sensation**
 * Perception**
 * Psychophysics**
 * Absolute Threshold**
 * Difference Threshold**
 * Weber's Law**
 * Signal Detection Theroy**
 * Pupil**
 * Lens**
 * Retina**||contains two types of receptor cells
 * Optic Nerve**||Carries impulses from
 * Binocular Fusion**||The combination of two images into one||
 * Retinal Disparity**|| a difference between images
 * Auditory Nerve**||Carries impulses from the
 * Vestibular System**||Regulates the bodys sense of balance.||
 * Olfactory Nerve**||Transfers information about
 * Kinesthesis**||The sense of movement and body position.||
 * Gestalt**||Each "whole" that is organized
 * Subliminal Messages**||brief auditory or visual messages
 * Motion Parallax**|| The apparent movement of objects
 * Constancy**||The tendency to percieve objects
 * illusions**||Incorrect perceptions.||
 * Extracensory Perception**||Recieving information about